Cannabis — Czechia

Czechia partly legalised cannabis on 1 January 2026, but not in the way the headlines suggest: only adults aged 21 and over are covered, and there is still no legal way to buy it. Adults 21 and over may keep cannabis for their own use -- up to 100 g in their own dwelling but only 25 g outside it -- and grow up to 3 plants in a property they own or otherwise have a legal right to. Bringing cannabis into the country, taking it out, or carrying it through Czechia is a separate criminal offence, as is selling or supplying it, and the gravest band of that offence reaches 18 years.

Exceeding the personal limits is first a misdemeanour with a fine up to CZK 50,000. It becomes a criminal offence under section 285 of the Criminal Code -- more than 5 cannabis plants, more than 200 g in the dwelling, or more than 50 g outside it -- carrying up to 6 months imprisonment, a ban on activity or forfeiture. Producing, importing, exporting, carrying through the country, offering, brokering, selling or otherwise procuring cannabis for another person is a separate offence under section 283a: up to 1 year at the base level, up to 2 years on a larger scale, up to 3 years for an organised group, for a repeat within three years or on a considerable scale, up to 5 years on a large scale or against a child, 2 to 8 years for significant gain or acting with an organised group operating in several states, then 5 to 10 years, 5 to 12 years and 8 to 18 years in the gravest bands. Preparation of the offence is itself punishable.

Verified Sep 1, 2026